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Энг хафли касб

2008 йилда дунё бўйича 95 нафар журналист ҳалок бўлган
Дунё бўйича ҳар ҳафта икки нафар журналист ҳалок бўлади. Бу статистик маълумот 15 декабрда Женевада нашр этилган Press Emblem Campaign (PEC) уюшмаси ҳисоботида келтириб ўтилган. Унга кўра 2008 йилда 32 та давлатда 95 нафар журналист ўлдирилган.

Гарчи бу кўрсаткич 2007 йилда ўрнатилган рекорд(115 киши)дан анча паст бўлса-да, 365 кун ичида 100 нафар журналистнинг ўлдирилиши - катта фожиа.


PEC тақдим этган маълумотларга кўра, 2008 йил журналистларнинг учдан бир қисми ҳарбий ҳаракатлар кечаётган ҳудудларда ҳалок бўлган. Матбуот учун энг хавфли жой мақомини манна бир неча йиллардан буён Ироқ эгаллаб келяпти – 2008 йил йил бошидан то якунига қадар бу мамлакатда 15 нафар журналист ҳалок бўлган. (аммо бу кўрсаткич 2007 йил(50 киши)дагига нисбатан анча паст. Умумий ҳисобда, яъни Ироқда уруш бошланганидан буён 265 нафар журналист ҳалок бўлган.
Жанговар ҳаракатлардан ҳоли бўлса-да, иккинчи ўринни Мексика эгаллади. 2008 йилда бу мамлакатда 9 нафар журналист ҳаётдан кўз юмган. Кўрсаткич 2007 йилдагига нисбатан 3 баробар кўп.
Шунингдек, вазият Покистон(8 киши) ва Ҳиндистонда(9) ҳам хафвли тус олган.
Грузияда ҳалок бўлган журналистлар сони 5 нафарни ташкил этади. Энг хафвли мамлакатлар ўнлигига Россия Федерацияси ҳам киритилган – ўтган йил бу давлатда 4 нафар журналист ҳалок бўлган. 2007 йилда бу кўрсаткич атиги 1 нафарни ташкил этган эди.

Рақамлар, рақамлар, рақамлар…
Press Emblem Campaign тақдим этган йиллик ҳисобот 2007 йилнинг 15 декабридан 2008 йилнинг 14 декабригача бўлган даврни ўз ичига олган. Шу жумладан 2007 йилнинг декабрида 5 нафар, 2008 йилнинг январида – 7, февралида - 9 журналист ҳалок бўлишган. Март ойи 4 нафар журналистнинг ҳаётига нуқта қўйган. Апрелда – 8, майда – 10, июнда – 7 та репортёр ҳалок бўлган. Июлда – 3, августда - 15 та, сентябр ва октябр ойларида - 8 нафардан, ноябрда эса - 10 та журналист ҳаётдан кўз юмган. Декабр йилнинг энг осуда ойи сифатида тан олинган – 1 нафар журналист ҳалок бўлган.

Ушбу ҳисобот харитага кўчирилган тақдирда, журналистлар учун энг хавфли ҳудуд - Осиё бўлиб қолади(7 регионда 30 нафар журналист ҳаётдан кўз юмган). Кейинги ўринларни Лотин Америкаси(20 нафар журналист) ва Яқин Шарқ(19) эгаллайди. Европа(Грузия, Хорватия ва Россия туфайли) 11 нафар журналисти билан энг хавфли ҳудудлар бешлигининг тўртинчи ўрнида. Бешликни Африка якунлаб беради(10 киши).
Ҳисоботда шунингдек ўлдирилган 95 нафар журналистлардан ташқари шу соҳа вакилларининг аксарияти ўз хизматини ўтаётган пайтда ярадор қилинганлиги, ўғирлаб кетилгани ёки ҳибсга олинганликлари ҳақида ҳам таъкидлаб ўтилган. Матбуот ходимлари энг кўп ўғирланган ҳудудлар бу - Афғонистон, Сомали, Конго, Ироқ, ўазо сектори ва Мексика.
Журналистларнинг аксарияти ўзларининг профессионал фаолияти туфайли ўлдирилганликлари эса ачинарли ҳолдир. Босқинчилик ёки «дайди ўқ»лар оқибатида ҳалок бўлганлар – 10% ни ташкил этади. PEC да келтирилишича журналистларнинг қотиллари аксарият ҳолларда жазоланмай қоладилар.

Хулоса ўрнида
Журналистика - энг хафвли касблардан бири сифатида тилга олиниши бежиз эмас. Репортёрларнинг аксарияти сони йил сайин ортиб бораётган «иссиқ нуқта»ларда ҳалок бўлишмоқда. Албатта, ўз хизмат бурчини ўтаётган вақтда энг кўп ҳалок бўладиган касб вакиллари - ҳарбийлардир, аммо журналистларнинг аскарлардан фарқи - улар ҳеч қандай қурол Билан ҳимояланмаган. Журналистларнинг анъанавий қуроли – ён дафтар ва ручка эса табиийки, бу ерда ҳеч қандай роль ўйнамайди.


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